Korean Fun

Learn korean online free - Learn Korean beginner

  • Home
  • View more free Korean learning materials PDF - Click Here

    Search

    Home » Grammar Lv1

    Recent Posts

    Present Tense in Korean = A/V-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V-아/어요.


    L1.03 Present Tense in Korean = A/V/N-(스)ㅂ니다 and A/V/N-아/어요.

    ☆Formal polite style: A/V-(스)ㅂ니다

    Usage:
    - It’s used mainly in formal or public situations such as meetings, presentations, and news

    Tense:

    Declarative form:
    - Vowel end       :  A/V-ㅂ니다
    - Consonant end:  A/V-습니다

    Interrogative form:
    - Vowel end       :  A/V-ㅂ니까?
    - Consonant end:  A/V-습니까?


    Word conversion:
    Base form -- Declarative -- Interrogative  = Meaning
    가다 -- 갑니다 -- 갑니까? = to go
    하다 -- 합니다 -- 합니까? = To do
    자다 -- 잡니다 -- 잡니까? = to sleep
    예쁘다 -- 예쁩니다 -- 예쁩니까? = to be beautiful.
    아니다 -- 아닙니다 -- 아닙니까? = to be not
    *만들다 -- 만듭니다 -- 만듭니까? = to make
    먹다 -- 먹습니다 -- 먹습니까? = to eat
    읽다 -- 읽습니다 -- 읽습니까? = to read
    작다 -- 작습니다 -- 작습니까? = to be small
    있다 -- 있습니다 -- 있습니까? = To have
    없다 -- 없습니다 -- 없습니까? = To not have

    Examples:
    1. 학교에 갑니까? - 네, 학교에 갑니다.
    Are you going to school? - Yes, I am going to school.

    2. 운동을 합니까? -네, 운동을 합니다.
    Are you doing exercise? - Yes, I am doing exercise.

    3. 뭐 합니까? - 한국어를 공부합니다.
    What are you doing? - I am studying Korean.

    4. 뭐 합니까? -일기를 합니다.
    What are you doing? - I am working.





    ☆Informal polite style: A/V/N-아/어요

    Usage:
    - It’s mostly used in daily life among family members and friends.  
    - The declarative (A/V-아/어요.) and interrogative (A/V-아/어요?) forms are the same, but the declarative form ending the sentence in a falling tone while interrogative form ending sentence in a rising tone.

    Tense:

    1. A/V-아요 = word end containing ㅏ and ㅗ
    - Word end in vowelㅏ, one ㅏ is deleted (e.g. 가다 -- 가요; 자다 -- 자요; 만나다 -- 만나요 = to meet; 끝나다 -- 끝나요 = to finish)
    - Word end in vowel ㅗ, word contraction ㅗ + ㅏ = ㅘ  (e.g  오다 -- 와요 ; 보다 -- 봐요)
    - Word end in a consonant containing ㅏ or ㅗ (e.g 앉다 -- 앉아요 = to sit ; 받다 -- 받아요 = to receive ; 살다 -- 살아요)

    2. A/V-어요 = word end not containing ㅏ and ㅗ
    - Word end with a consonant (e.g 읽다 -- 읽어요 = To read ; 먹다 -- 먹어요 = To eat )
    - Word end in the vowel ㅐ, ㅓ, or ㅕ , ㅓof -어요 is deleted (e.g  보내다 -- 보내요 = To send ; 서다 -- 서요 = to stand ; 켜다 -- 켜요 = To turn on)
    - Word end in the vowel ㅜ, word contraction ㅜ+ㅓ = ㅝ (e.g 배우다 -- 배워요 = To learn ; 주다 -- 줘요 = To give ; 바꾸다 -- 바꿔요 = To change)
    - Word end in the vowel ㅣ, word contraction ㅣ+ㅓ = ㅕ (e.g 마시다 -- 마셔요 = to drink ; 기다리다 -- 기다려요 = To wait ; 헤어지다 -- 헤어져요 = to separate )

    3. N-하다 (or 하다 verb) → 해요.
    (e.g 말하다 -- 말해요 = to speak ; 공부하다 -- 공부해요 = to study ; 일하다 = 일해요 = To work ; 여행하다 = 여행해요 = To travel )

    4. N-예요 = Noun end in a vowel 
    (e.g 사과 -- 사과예요 = apple ; 어머니 -- 어머이예요 = mother ; 시계 -- 시계예요 = a clock)

    5. N-이에요 = Noun end in a consonant  
    (e.g 책 -- 책이에요 = a book ; 선생님 -- 선생님이에요 = teacher ; 학생 -- 학생이에요 = student)


    Word conversion:
    앉다 -- 앉아요 = to sit
    살다 -- 살아요 = To live
    만나다 -- 만나요 = To meet
    기다리다 -- 기다려요 = To wait
    보내다 -- 보내요 = To send
    보다 -- 봐요 = To see
    바꾸다 -- 바꿔요 = to change
    먹다 -- 먹어요 = To eat
    운동하다 -- 운동해요 = To exercise
    전화하다 -- 전화해요 = to make a call
    숙제하다 -- 숙제하다 = To do homework
    마시다 -- 마셔요 = to drink
    의자  -- 의자예요 = a chair
    빵 -- 빵이에요 = bread
    우유 -- 우유예요 = milk

    Examples :
    1. 지금 뭐 해요?  
    - 한국어를 공부해요.
    What are you doing now? 
    - I am studying Korean.

    2. 언제 점심을 먹어요? 
    - 보통 12시에 점심을 먹어요.
    When do you eat lunch? 
    - I usually eat lunch at 12:00.

    3. 저는 아침마다 달리기를 해요.
    I run every morning.

    4. 이거 무엇어요?  - 한국어 책이에요.
    What is this? - It’s a Korean book.

    5. 몇 시예요? - 10시 30분이에요.
    What is the time? - It’s 10:30.

    ☆Fun facts: the present tense in Korean is also used for the progressive tense (e.g to be V-ing) and near future tense (e.g to be going to do V)

    Related posts

Biểu mẫu liên hệ

이름

이메일 *

메시지 *

Popular Posts

  • Yonsei Korean PDF 1,2,3,4,5,6 Full+Audio (연세 한국어)
  • Sejong Korean 0-8 PDF+Audio (세종한국어) Workbook+Textbook
  • Sejong Korean Conversation 1-4 PDF+Audio (세종한국어 회화)
  • eBook Seoul University Korean 1A Student's Book PDF+Audio
  • TOPIK 2 실전모의고사 PDF+Audio (TOPIK 2 Practical Mock Tests)
  • EPS TOPIK Exam Question Book with Answer PDF+Audio
  • Reading Korean for Beginners PDF (초급 한국어 읽기)
  • TOPIK 1 Essential Grammar 101 for Beginner
  • Seoul Korean Level 1 Textbook PDF+Audio ebook
  • Seoul Korean Level 3 Textbook PDF+Audio ebook

Menu

  • eBook (79)
  • Featured (7)
  • General Textbook (25)
  • Grammar Lv1 (69)
  • Grammar Lv2 (69)
  • Hàn-Việt Ebook (5)
  • K4T Level 1 (31)
  • K4T Level 2 (33)
  • K4T Level 3 (34)
  • K4T Level 4 (35)
  • KIIP (152)
  • KIIP Level 3 (22)
  • KIIP Level 4 (23)
  • KIIP Level 5 (87)
  • KIIP Test (14)
  • topik apps (2)
  • TOPIK eBook (20)
  • topik test (22)

Copyright © 2012 Korean Fun - Learn Korean online - Korean KIIP Topick all rights reserved.


Korean Fun | Contact
DMCA.com Protection Status